Here is the article that shows how managers create more work for others, but necessarily contribute to value creation - http://blogs.hbr.org/2014/06/the-true-cost-of-hiring-yet-another-manager/
A large software company we worked with recently eliminated more than 40% of its supervisors, ensuring that the people who actually develop the product aren’t overburdened with managers and other functionaries.
Seems to be that idea (mentioned in my previous post “Org. design and Scrum“) of making it difficult to hire a manager is not such a bad thing after all… Especially if you want to create network organisation oriented towards value creation, but not hierarchy and functional departments.
p.s. you can read more about network organizations here - http://www.organizeforcomplexity.com/